Роль тромбоцитов в онкогенезе: механизмы взаимодействия с опухолевыми клетками

   В обзоре систематизированы современные данные о ключевой роли тромбоцитов в прогрессировании онкологических заболеваний. Детально проанализированы механизмы, выходящие за рамки гемостаза: активация тромбоцитов опухолевыми клетками (TCIPA) и их роль в создании прокоагулянтного состояния; стимуляция ангиогенеза через секрецию VEGF, PDGF и других факторов; прямое влияние на метастатический каскад через образование стабилизирующих агрегатов с циркулирующими опухолевыми клетками и опосредованное нарушение целостности эндотелиального барьера через АТФ/P2Y2-сигнальный путь.

   Особое внимание уделено молекулярным основам рак-ассоциированного тромбоза, включая вклад микровезикул (PDMP) и синдрома Труссо.

   Обсуждается петля положительной обратной связи «опухоль — тромбоциты», опосредованная выработкой IL-6 и тромбопоэтина.

   Сделан вывод, что тромбоциты являются активным участником опухолевой прогрессии, а их таргетинг представляет перспективное направление для адъювантной терапии.

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