PATHOGENETIC FACTORS OF OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

Abstract

Obstructive  bronchitis  is  a  common  pathology  among bronchopulmonary  diseases  in  all  age groups, in particular those with weakened immunity, allergic predisposition and in children with recurrent respiratory infections. Аrticle discusses the risk factors that can contribute to the development of obstructive bronchitis in preschool children.

The aim of the research. The study of the content of some molecules of immunological protection in children with recurrent respiratory infections.

Materials and methods. The study involved 103 children, aged 6 ± 1 years (from 3 to 8 years). In order to assess risk factors for recurrent respiratory infections, anamnestic data were studied in all children (the course of the antenatal period, hereditary predisposition to allergic diseases). The frequency and structure of acute respiratory diseases were assessed 12 months before the inclusion of children in the study. Based on the calculation of the resistance index, children were divided into two groups: with recurrent respiratory infections (acute nasopharyngitis, acute simple bronchitis, obstructive bronchitis) - 68 and healthy children - 35. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 software package using the criteria: Mann - Whitney, Fisher, Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Results  and  сonclusion.  Factors  for  the  development  of  recurrent  respiratory  infections  have  been established: chronic fetoplacental insufficiency, pathology of the central system in the first year of a child's life, aggravated allergic history, as well as low levels of vitamin D metabolite and surfactant protein. The factors of development of obstructive bronchitis in children were determined, among which there are: low level of 25(OH)D3, α-defensins 1-3, high concentration of IgE in blood serum, as well as low content of SP-D surfactant protein in exhaled air condensate.