T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS IN COLORECTAL CANCER
https://doi.org/10.52485/19986173_2026_2_162
Abstract
This review summarizes current data on the composition, functional state, and role of T-lymphocyte subpopulations engaged in the antitumour immune response in patients with colorectal carcinoma. The distinct functional states of CD8+, CD4+ T-cells, regulatory T-cells (Treg), tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRM) and unconventional lymphocyte populations- including invariant natural killer (iNKT) and γδ-T-cells- are examined within the colorectal tumour microenvironment. It has been shown that a prevalence of CD8+ and Th1 cells is associated with a favorable prognosis, whereas functional exhaustion of T cells with co-expression of PD-1, TIM-3, LAG-3, and TIGIT reflects immune dysfunction and may indicate disease progression. A context-dependent influence of Th2 and Th17 cells has been noted. The functional exhaustion of tissue-resident memory CD8+ Trm cells in the tumor microenvironment during disease progression is described.
This review demonstrates that the immune landscape of colorectal cancer is shaped by the interplay of diverse T-lymphocyte subpopulations driven by their functional and quantitative heterogeneity, thereby underscoring the significance of these characteristics for the development of prognostic biomarkers and personalized immunotherapeutic strategies.
About the Authors
A. A. Mironov
Chita State Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrey Alexandrovich Mironov, postgraduate student of the Department of Hospital Surgery with a course in pediatric surgery
V. V. Kryukova
Chita State Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Victoria Viktorovna Kryukova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Surgery with a course in pediatric surgery
39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000
V. L. Tsepelev
Chita State Medical Academy
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Victor Lvovich Tsepelev, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Surgery with a course in pediatric surgery
39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000
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Review
For citations:
Mironov A.A., Kryukova V.V., Tsepelev V.L. T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS IN COLORECTAL CANCER. Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin. 2026;(2):162-174. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52485/19986173_2026_2_162
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