The role of tixagevimab and cylgavimab combination in prevention of coronavirus infection in high-risk comorbid patients: results of 6-month study

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of 150 mg thixagevimab and 150 mg cilgavimab in prevention of coronavirus infection (COVID-19), as well as the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections in comorbid patients during of 6 months’ study.
Methods and materials: the 6-month prospective observational study of patients with a high risk of COVID-19 was performed, the start of the study was in June 2022. The study included 74 patients divided into 2 groups of 37 people. Patients of the 1^st group received the intramuscular injection of 150 mg of thixagevimab and 150 mg of cilgevimab at the time of inclusion in the study with the aim of prophylaxis of COVID-19. The remaining 37 patients were assigned to the control group; they did not receive this prophylaxis. The groups were similar in age, comorbid diseases and vaccination against COVID-19 and influenza. The frequency and severity of COVID-19 and acute respiratory viral infections in groups were recorded. Statistical processing was carried out in the Statistica 10 program using the χ² test, differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
Results: During 6 months of follow-up, 1 case of COVID-19 was registered in the 1^st group and 8 cases in the 2^nd group, accounting for 2.7% and 21.6%, respectively (p=0.013, χ²=6.2), all cases of the disease were confirmed by positive PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 and manifested clinically. In the 1^st group a new coronavirus infection was developed in a patient vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 2 months after the administration of a combination of thixagevimab 150 mg and cilgavimab 150 mg, it proceeded in a mild form. In the 2nd group, cases of COVID-19 were mild in 5 patients and moderate in 3, while 6 of 8 patients were vaccinated against COVID-19. During the 6-month period acute respiratory viral infections had 13 patients of the group 1 (35.1%) and 22 patients (59.4%) of group 2, p=0.037.
Conclusion: Application of the combination of 150 mg thixagevimab and 150 mg cilgavimab reduced the incidence of COVID-19 and acute respiratory viral infections in high-risk patients during 6 months of follow-up. 

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