DYNAMICS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AFTER VACCINATION WITH THE DRUG "GAM-COVID-VAC"

The aim of the research. To establish the dynamics of the level of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 after the start of vaccination with the drug "Gam-Covid-Vac".

Materials and methods. 30 medical workers of the hospital (average age 41.8 years), were vaccinated against CAVID-19 with the Gam-Covid-Vac vaccine according to the standard scheme. The beginning of vaccination was 12.10.2020. IgM and IgG titers for SARS-CoV-2 were determined by the ELISA method using the Vector-best test systems (Novosibirsk). The level of antibodies was assessed on the 17th day after the introduction of the first and second components of the vaccine, on the 51st, 81st and 201 days after the start of vaccination. The content of immunoglobulins is presented in BAU/ml. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 10.0.

Results. Our studies show that on the 17th day after vaccination, IgMs to SARS-CoV-2 are detected in all subjects. Their level practically did not change by the 38th day after the start of vaccination. By day 51, there was a decrease in the content of IgM to SARS-CoV-2. The concentration of IgM antibodies to SARSCoV-2 on day 38 depended on their content on day 17 after vaccination (r=0.77), and on day 51 on their content on day 17 (r=0.68), and day 38 (r=0.80).

The level of IgG class antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 increased significantly after immunization with the 2nd component and changed from 51 days from the start of vaccination to 81 days after vaccination, the IgG titer to SARS-CoV-2 fell sharply (by 5.6 times). Moreover, in 8 (27%) people, the antibody titer was not determined by the test system used. By 201 days after vaccination, the IgG titer to SARS-CoV-2 in 9 (31%) of the examined patients increased sharply, and in 50% of the examined subjects, antibodies were detected again. The overall increase in the IgG titer to SARS-CoV-2 was from 81 to 201 days by 3.2 times.

The content of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 on days 17, 38 and 51 correlated with the concentration of IgM, as well as with IgG at an earlier time. At the same time, the content of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 on 81 days after vaccination was less dependent on the concentration of IgM, and there was a strong correlation with IgG on 51 days (r=0.82). On day 201, a direct positive correlation of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 was observed with the age of the people participating in the study (r=0.44).

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