Indices of low-intensity systemic inflammation in patients with prediabetes

   The aim. To evaluate markers of systemic low-intensity inflammation (CRP-hs, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18) in patients with prediabetes..

   Materials and methods. The analyzed group included 122 individuals with prediabetes, average age 46,2 ± 8,2 years. Average values of carbohydrate metabolism parameters in the group were: fasting glycemia - 6,31 [6,1; 6,6] mmol/l, glycemia after 2 hours during the oral glucose tolerance test – 8,2 [7,1; 9,1] mmol/l; glycated hemoglobin – 5,86 [5,6; 6,1] %. The levels of CRP-hs, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18 were determined (ELISA Vector-BEST, Russia).

   Results. Depending on the clinical forms of prediabetes, the prevalence of marker levels in the group of patients with IGT was observed withregard to TNFα (p < 0,001) and IL-8 (p < 0,05). In the group of patients with HbA1c ≥ 5,7 % et < 6,5% – for TNFα (p < 0,003) and PAI-1 (p < 0,033). As BMI increased in patients with prediabetes, there was an increase in the levels of CRP-hs (p = 0,021), TNF-α (p = 0,021), IL-1ß (p = 0,04), IL-8 (p = 0,016). In patients with prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases, there was an increase in the level of markers of systemic low-intensity inflammation: 2,9 times CRP-hs (p < 0,01), 3.1 times TNFα (p < 0,001), 2 times IL-4 (p < 0,042), 1.8 times IL-8 (p < 0,001), 1.6 times IL-18 (p < 0,001).

   Conclusions. Markers of low-intensity systemic inflammation demonstrated an increase in levels in the group of patients with cardiovascular diseases. An association was found through independent predictors of high cardiovascular risk. This allows these parameters to be included in programs for comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with early carbohydrate disorders.

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