Роль тромбина в развитии воспаления

Тромбин – основной драйвер линкерного механизма для иммунного ответа и гемостаза. Посредством специфического строения, обуславливающего селективность функциональной активности в отношении клеток воспалительного микроокружения, эта сериновая протеиназа активно участвует в процессах воспаления и заживления, канцерогенеза и патологических процессов иммунитета. Уникальность её действия раскрывается благодаря наличию специальных рецепторов, активируемых протеиназами (PARs). Экспрессия их на разных типах клеток, пространственно-временное количество тромбина, локализация патологического процесса в организме, патология в системе гемостаза и иммунитета – все эти факторы будут определять варианты событий, опосредованных представленной сериновой протеиназой.

В обзорной статье представлены актуальные сведения по некоторым механизмам взаимодействия основных эффекторных клеток воспаления и тромбина с участием PARs. Рассмотрена молекулярная структура последних, зависимость их функциональной активности от конформационных состояний. Освещена роль тромбина как одного из основных регуляторов процесса иммуновоспаления.

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