THE EFFECT OF PERIFOCAL INTRODUCTION OF HYALURONIC ACID GEL ON THE DYNAMICS OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN THE PLASMA OF BLOOD IN RATS IN AN EXPERIMENTAL EXPLOSIVE WOUND

The aim of the research. Evaluation of the dynamics of the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood plasma of experimental animals with an explosive wound of thigh after early local injection of hyaluronic acid (HA).

Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 106 male Wistar rats, divided into 32 animals into groups: main, comparison, control. Under anesthesia, an explosive wound was inflicted on the thigh. 3 hours after the injury, all rats underwent primary surgical treatment of the wound, standard treatment, local injection of hyaluronic acid (main group), 0.9% sodium chloride solution (comparison group), without local treatment (control). The dynamics of manifestations and the timing of wound healing, the concentration of myoglobin and potassium in blood plasma, as well as inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10) were assessed on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after injury. The intact group consisted of animals without injuries (n=10). The obtained data were processed using the Microsoft Excel 2013 application package in the Statistica 10.0 software environment.

Results. Perifocal administration of HA 3 hours after the explosive wound during the first 3-7 days contributed to a decrease in the concentration of myoglobin by 22.1-23.8% (p<0.05) and potassium by 26.8% (p<0.05) in blood plasma, a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β by 25.9% (p<0.05), IL-6 - by 22.5% (p<0.05), TNF-α - by 29.1 % (p<0.05) in comparison with the comparison group. In the period of 14-28 days, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines decreased, reaching the values of intact animals. The level of IL-10 moderately increased (by 2.1-3.1 times, p<0.05) in comparison with intact animals, mainly in the period 14-28 days after injury. Complete closure of the wound defect after local application of HA occurred 4-5 days earlier than in animals from the comparison group.

Conclusion. Perifocal administration of HA 3 hours after an explosive injury to the soft tissues of the thigh reduces the severity of post-traumatic rhabdomyolysis, reduces the trauma-induced level of circulating pro- inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) in the inflammation phase, increases the concentration of anti- inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) in the phase of regeneration and formation of granulation tissue, reduces the healing time by 19% (p<0.05).

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