INSTRUMENTAL METHODS FOR STUDYING ADIPOSE TISSUE IN YOUNG PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT ETHNICITY

The aim of the research. The comparative analysis of the subcutaneous tissue topography in the young people of the Caucasian and Mongoloid races with different the body mass index.

Materials and methods. The study comprised of 1080 participants, who were adolescent people of the Mongoloid race (155 Khakass, 167 Tuvanians, 149 Buryats) and the Caucasian race (609 Tajiks). The participants were estimated by anthropometry, waist and thigh circumferences were measured). The subcutaneous tissue thickness of the 8 human body regions was measured by the skinfold measurement. The research data was analyzed by SPSS v. 22.0. The non-parametric data was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results. The adolescent males and females of the Caucasian and Mongoloid races had roughly the same distribution of the body mass index groups. The one fifth of the males and females had underweight, the one third of the participants had overweight, a healthy weight was determined in one half of the people. The results of the study showed statistically significant differences in the waist and thigh circumferences between males with underweight and healthy weight. Results of the skinfold measurement and the body mass index shown the larger thickness of the skinfold at the level of abdomen and thigh (the “middle” parts of the human body) as the Caucasian adolescent people as the Mongoloid adolescent people. The smaller thickness of the skinfolds located at the level of the upper part of the human body: the anterior surface of the shoulder and forearm. 

Conclusion. The adipose tissue is an important part of the human body composition. It plays an important role in the control of metabolism, the regulation of feeding behavior, thermoregulation, the work of the endocrine and reproductive systems. The stable content of the human body fat component, the topography features of the adipose tissue distribution provide optimal conditions for human life, which, in our opinion, explains the absence of statistically significant differences in differences between the thickness of the skinfold at the participants of the Caucasian and Mongoloid races with healthy weight and overweight. The established differences of the subcutaneous fat distribution between the males of the Caucasian and Mongoloid races with underweight require further research.

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