Study of levels of autoantibodies to neuroreceptors in patients with schizophrenia and in laboratory rats with chronic administration of dopaminomimetics in animals and their combination with haloperidol (clinical and experimental parallels)

   Aim of the study. To compare the levels of autoantibodies (AAB) to NMDA and dopamine receptors, to dopamine and the S100B protein in patients with schizophrenia treated with neuroleptics, and the levels of the same AAT in rats with chronic use of dopaminomimetics and their combined use with haloperidol.

   Material and methods. 93 patients with schizophrenia were examined. The levels of AAB (IgG) to dopamine receptors of types 1 and 2 (DR1 and DR2), NMDA receptors (NR1 and NR2A subunits), to dopamine and S100B protein were determined in blood serum. Rats (58 males) were administered with long-term intraperitoneal injections of: L-DOPA (25 mg/kg), or amantadine (5 mg/kg), or a combination of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) with L-DOPA (25 mg/kg) or with amantadine (5 mg/kg). Control were administered with saline. After the use of drugs in animals, the levels of similar AABs in the blood serum were also determined. The severity of the correlation between the level of AAB was assessed.

   Results. The average level of studied AABs in patients with schizophrenia was increased. A strong relationship was found between AAB to the S100B protein to NR2A and to dopamine. Administration of dopaminomimetics to rats caused an increase in AAB to neuroreceptors. When administered with L-DOPA, the relationship of AAB to the S100B protein with the level of AAB to NR2A and dopamine was detected. When combined with haloperidol, the correlation of AAB to the S100B protein with other AAB was eliminated. When using amantadine, an association of AAB to the S100B protein with the level of AAB to NR2A, DR1 and dopamine was established. When combined with haloperidol, AAB connections to the S100B protein with AAB to NR1, NR2A and dopamine were revealed.

   Conclusion. Modeling hyperdopaminergia in rats forms an autoimmune profile similar to that in patients with schizophrenia in relation to NMDA and dopamine receptors.

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