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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2026_2_118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-620</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ НАРУШЕНИЯ МЕТАБОЛИЗМА ТРИПТОФАНА В ИНИЦИАЦИИ И ПРОГРЕССИИ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ROLE OF TRYPTOPHAN METABOLISM DYSREGULATION IN THE INITIATION AND PROGRESSION OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4682-1811</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каюкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kayukova</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каюкова Елена Владимировна, д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой онкологии</p><p>ResearcherID: P-9795-2015 </p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V Kayukova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology </p><p>ResearcherID: P-9795-2015 </p><p>39a Gorky st., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kayukova-e.v.22@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0622-5323</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болотов</surname><given-names>Э. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolotov</surname><given-names>B. S</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Болотов Элбэк Саянович, ассистент кафедры онкологии</p><p>ResearcherID: HGE-7746-2022 </p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bolotov E.S., Assistant of the Department of Oncology</p><p>ResearcherID: HGE-7746-2022 </p><p>39a Gorky st., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elbek1994@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0724-0352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фефелова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fefelova</surname><given-names>E. V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фефелова Елена Викторовна, д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>ResearcherID: G-1422-2017</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а </p><sec><title> </title></sec><sec><title> </title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V Fefelova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology </p><p>ResearcherID: G-1422-2017 </p><p>39a Gorky st., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fefelova.elena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>131</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каюкова Е.В., Болотов Э.С., Фефелова Е.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каюкова Е.В., Болотов Э.С., Фефелова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kayukova E.V., Bolotov B.S., Fefelova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/620">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/620</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: обобщение современных данных о катаболизме триптофана, патофизиологических механизмах участия триптофана и его ферментов, метаболитов в опухолевой инициации и прогрессии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Нами проведен поиск научных статей в системах PubMed, eLIBRARY, Google Scholar за период 2020–2025 годы по ключевым словам на русском и английском языках: «метаболизм триптофана», «кинурениновый путь», «серотониновый путь», «индольный путь», «IDO1», «TDO2», «иммуносупрессия», «канцерогенез», «рак».</p></sec><sec><title>Критерии включения</title><p>Критерии включения: публикации, содержащие сведения о метаболических, молекулярных, клеточных механизмах участия триптофана и его метаболитов в инициации и опухолевой прогрессии, а также клинические исследования, изучающие предиктивное и прогностическое значение изучаемых веществ в онкологии. Критерии исключения: статьи на языках, отличных от английского и русского, отчеты, протоколы исследований, дубликаты и исследования с неполными данными. Проанализировано 37 источников литературы, из них 3 отечественных, с давностью публикации менее 5 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Нарушение обмена триптофана признаётся одной из характерных биохимических особенностей опухолевых клеток. Обобщены современные данные о путях катаболизма этой аминокислоты и механизмах, через которые триптофан и его метаболиты участвуют в инициации и прогрессировании злокачественных новообразований. Особое внимание уделено гиперактивации кинуренинового пути под контролем ферментов IDO1 и TDO2, приводящей к иммуносупрессии, хроническому воспалению и стимуляции метастазирования. Проанализированы изменения метаболизма серотонинового и индольного путей при неоплазиях и их влияние на опухолевую прогрессию.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При анализе литературы установлена патогенетическая роль нарушений метаболизма триптофана в процессах опухолевой прогрессии и иммунного ускользания. Изучение ферментативных звеньев кинуренинового каскада обосновывает целесообразность создания новых схем лечения, направленных на ингибирование активности IDO1 и TDO2 в онкологической практике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To summarize current data on tryptophan catabolism and the pathophysiological mechanisms involving tryptophan, its enzymes, and metabolites in tumor initiation and progression.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A comprehensive search for scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026 was conducted using PubMed, eLIBRARY, and Google Scholar databases. The search used keywords in both Russian and English: «tryptophan metabolism», «kynurenine pathway», «serotonin pathway», «indole pathway», «IDO1», «TDO2», «immunosuppression», «carcinogenesis», «cancer». Inclusion criteria: publications containing data on metabolic, molecular and cellular mechanisms of tryptophan and its metabolites in cancer initiation and progression, as well as clinical studies evaluating the predictive and prognostic value of these substances in oncology. Exclusion criteria: articles in languages other than english and russian, reports, study protocols, duplicates and studies with incomplete data.A total of 37 sources were analyzed, including 3 russian publications, all published within the last 5 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Tryptophan metabolic reprogramming is recognized as a hallmark biochemical feature of tumor cells. This review synthesizes current findings on the catabolic pathways of this amino acid and the mechanisms by which tryptophan and its metabolites contribute to the initiation and progression of malignant neoplasms. Particular emphasis is placed on the hyperactivation of the kynurenine pathway mediated by the enzymes IDO1 and TDO2, which leads to immunosuppression, chronic inflammation, and the stimulation of metastasis. Furthermore, the dysregulation of the serotonin and indole pathways and their subsequent impact on carcinogenesis and progression are addressed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The literature analysis highlights the critical pathogenetic role of tryptophan metabolism disorders in tumor progression and immune evasion. Investigating the enzymatic components of the kynurenine cascade provides a strong rationale for developing novel therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting IDO1 and TDO2 activity in oncological practice.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболизм триптофана</kwd><kwd>кинурениновый путь</kwd><kwd>серотониновый путь</kwd><kwd>индольный путь</kwd><kwd>IDO1</kwd><kwd>TDO2</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd><kwd>канцерогенез</kwd><kwd>рак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tryptophan metabolism</kwd><kwd>kynurenine pathway</kwd><kwd>serotonin pathway</kwd><kwd>indole pathway</kwd><kwd>IDO1</kwd><kwd>TDO2</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd><kwd>carcinogenesis</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yan J., Chen D., Ye Z., et. al. 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