<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2025_2_72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-409</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогностическая роль остеопонтина при оценке риска неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых и остеопоретических событий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prognostic role of osteopontin in assessing the risk of adverse cardiovascular and osteoporetic events</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7777-6419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Шилов, д. м. н., доцент, профессор</p><p>кафедра патологической физиологии и клинической патофизиологии</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 646890; Author ID Scopus: 14066755500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor</p><p>Department of Pathological Physiology and Clinical Pathological Physiology</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 646890; Author ID Scopus: 14066755500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">newsib54@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-0213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березикова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Николаевна Березикова, д. м. н., профессор</p><p>кафедра внутренних болезней</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 512551; Author ID Scopus: 26641075000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor</p><p>Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p><p>Author ID РИНЦ: 512551; Author ID Scopus: 26641075000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cardio@enberezikova.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2645-162X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Александровна Попова, д. м. н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой</p><p>кафедра поликлинической терапии и общей врачебной практики</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>Department of Policlinic Therapy and General Medical Practice</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annpopova24@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-2801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молоков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molokov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Валентинович Молоков, ассистент</p><p>кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p><p>Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex-molokov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4712-2315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инна Владимировна Яковлева, ассистент</p><p>кафедра поликлинической терапии и общей врачебной практики</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant</p><p>Department of Policlinic Therapy and General Medical Practice</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">adrenalin21@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-217X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Викторович Жуков, д. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>кафедра травматологии и ортопедии</p><p>630091; Красный проспект, 52; Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics</p><p>630091; 52 Krasnyi Av.; Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhukdvzhukov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шилов С.Н., Березикова Е.Н., Попова А.А., Молоков А.В., Яковлева И.В., Жуков Д.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шилов С.Н., Березикова Е.Н., Попова А.А., Молоков А.В., Яковлева И.В., Жуков Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shilov S.N., Berezikova E.N., Popova A.A., Molokov A.V., Yakovleva I.V., Zhukov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/409">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/409</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Цель исследования</title><p>   Цель исследования: оценить прогностическую значимость остеопонтина (ОПН) в определении риска развития неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых и остеопоретических событий у женщин с хронической сердечной недостаточностью (ХСН), коморбидной с сахарным диабетом 2 типа (СД 2 типа) и остеопорозом в течение 36 месяцев наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы. Обследовано 90 женщин в возрасте 50–65 лет с ХСН, СД 2 типа и остеопорозом, разделенных на две группы в зависимости от исходной концентрации ОПН в крови: группа 1 – с уровнем ОПН ≤ 23,5 нг/мл и группа 2 – с уровнем ОПН &gt; 23,5 нг/мл. За комбинированную конечную точку принимали смерть от общих причин, увеличение функционального класса (ФК) ХСН, развитие нефатального инфаркта миокарда (ИМ), тромбоэмболии легочной артерии, мозгового инсульта, случаи госпитализации с декомпенсацией ХСН и остеопоретических переломов костей.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. У женщин с более высоким уровнем ОПН (&gt; 23,5 нг/мл), риск развития кумулятивных осложнений был значительно выше (ОШ = 4,98, р = 0,001). Анализ отдельных событий выявил существенное увеличение риска прогрессирования ФК (ОШ = 4,13, р = 0,001) и декомпенсации ХСН (ОШ = 2,67, р = 0,021), развития ИМ (ОШ = 5,38, р = 0,019) и остеопоретических переломов (ОШ = 4,86, р = 0,003) при исходной концентрации ОПН &gt; 23,5 нг/мл в течение 36 месяцев наблюдения. Уровень ОПН выше 23,5 нг/мл с чувствительностью = 82 % и специфичностью = 69 % (площадь под кривой = 0,86, р = 0,001) прогнозирует наступление неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий по комбинированной конечной точке, а также с чувствительностью = 75 % и специфичностью = 65 % (площадь под кривой = 0,74, р = 0,001) – развитие остеопоретических переломов в течение трех лет наблюдения.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Остеопонтин является фактором риска развития неблагоприятных кардиоваскулярных событий и костных переломов у женщин с ХСН, СД 2 типа и остеопорозом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The purpose of the study. To evaluate the prognostic significance of osteopontin (OPN) in determining the risk of adverse cardiovascular and osteoporotic events in women with chronic heart failure (CHF) comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and osteoporosis during 36 months of observation.</p><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. The study involved 90 women aged 50-65 years with CHF, type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis, divided into two groups depending on the initial concentration of OPN in the blood: group 1 – with OPN level ≤23,5 ng/ml and group 2 – with OPN level &gt; 23,5 ng/ml. The combined endpoint was death from common causes, an increase in the functional class (FC) of CHF, the development of non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), pulmonary embolism, stroke, cases of hospitalization with decompensated CHF and osteoporotic bone fractures.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. In women with a higher level of OPN (&gt; 23,5 ng/ml), the risk of developing cumulative complications was significantly higher (OR = 4,98, p = 0,001). Analysis of individual events revealed a significant increase in the risk of progression of FC (OR = 4,13, p = 0,001) and decompensation of CHF (OR = 2,67, p = 0,021), development of MI (OR = 5,38, p= 0,019) and osteoporotic fractures (OR = 4,86, p = 0,003) with an initial concentration of OPN &gt; 23,5 ng/ml during 36 months of observation. The level of OPN above 23,5 ng/ml with sensitivity = 82 % and specificity = 69 % (area under the curve = 0,86, p = 0,001) predicts the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events for the combined endpoint, and with sensitivity = 75 % and specificity = 65 % (area under the curve = 0,74, p = 0,001) – the development of osteoporotic fractures during three years of observation.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. Osteopontin is a risk factor for the development of adverse cardiovascular events and bone fractures in women with CHF, type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>сердечная недостаточность</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>остеопороз</kwd><kwd>остеопонтин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>heart failure</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>osteoporosis</kwd><kwd>osteopontin</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело финансовой поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no financial support</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gomez-Delgado F., Raya-Cruz M., Katsiki N, et al. Residual cardiovascular risk: When should we treat it? Eur J Intern Med. 2024 Feb. 120. 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gomez-Delgado F., Raya-Cruz M., Katsiki N, et al. Residual cardiovascular risk: When should we treat it? Eur J Intern Med. 2024 Feb. 120. 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boulet J., Sridhar V.S., Bouabdallaoui N., et al. Inflammation in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. Inflamm Res. 2024 May. 73 (5). 709–723. doi: 10.1007/s00011-023-01845-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boulet J., Sridhar V.S., Bouabdallaoui N., et al. Inflammation in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. Inflamm Res. 2024 May. 73 (5). 709-723. doi: 10.1007/s00011-023-01845-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Icer M.A., Gezmen-Karadag M. The multiple functions and mechanisms of osteopontin. Clin Biochem. 2018 Sep. 59. 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.07.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Icer M.A., Gezmen-Karadag M. The multiple functions and mechanisms of osteopontin. Clin Biochem. 2018 Sep. 59. 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.07.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zoroddu S., Lorenzo B.D., Paliogiannis P. et al. Osteopontin in rheumatic diseases : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta. 2025 Mar 15. 570. 120209. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zoroddu S., Lorenzo B.D., Paliogiannis P. et al. Osteopontin in rheumatic diseases : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta. 2025 Mar 15. 570. 120209. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2025.120209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kadoglou N.P.E., Khattab E., Velidakis N., et al. The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases) – A Narrative Review. Biomedicines. 2023 Nov 29. 11 (12). 3178. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11123178.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kadoglou N.P.E., Khattab E., Velidakis N., et al. The Role of Osteopontin in Atherosclerosis and Its Clinical Manifestations (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases) – A Narrative Review. Biomedicines. 2023 Nov 29. 11 (12). 3178. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11123178.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lok Z.S.Y., Lyle A.N. Osteopontin in Vascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Apr. 39 (4). 613–622. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.311577.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lok Z.S.Y., Lyle A.N. Osteopontin in Vascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Apr. 39 (4). 613-622. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.311577.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carbone F., Meessen J., Magnoni M. et al. Osteopontin as Candidate Biomarker of Coronary Disease despite Low Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from CAPIRE Study. Cells. 2022 Feb 15. 11 (4). 669. doi: 10.3390/cells11040669.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carbone F., Meessen J., Magnoni M. et al. Osteopontin as Candidate Biomarker of Coronary Disease despite Low Cardiovascular Risk: Insights from CAPIRE Study. Cells. 2022 Feb 15. 11(4). 669. doi: 10.3390/cells11040669.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yousefi K., Irion C.I., Takeuchi L.M., et al. Osteopontin Promotes Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Through a Mitochondrial Pathway. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 4. 73 (21). 2705–2718. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.074.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yousefi K., Irion C.I., Takeuchi L.M., et al. Osteopontin Promotes Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Through a Mitochondrial Pathway. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 4. 73 (21). 2705-2718. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.02.074.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cicekli I., Saglam D., Takar N. A New Perspective on Metabolic Syndrome with Osteopontin : A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel). 2023 Jul 22. 13 (7). 1608. doi: 10.3390/life13071608.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cicekli I., Saglam D., Takar N. A New Perspective on Metabolic Syndrome with Osteopontin : A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel). 2023 Jul 22. 13 (7). 1608. doi: 10.3390/life13071608.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shirakawa K., Endo J., Kataoka M. et al. MerTK Expression and ERK Activation Are Essential for the Functional Maturation of Osteopontin-Producing Reparative Macrophages After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Sep 15. 9 (18). e017071. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017071.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirakawa K., Endo J.., Kataoka M. et al. MerTK Expression and ERK Activation Are Essential for the Functional Maturation of Osteopontin-Producing Reparative Macrophages After Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Sep 15. 9 (18). e017071. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.017071.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kusuyama T., Yoshiyama M., Omura T. et al. Angiotensin blockade inhibits osteopontin expression in non-infarcted myocardium after myocardial infarction. J Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Jul. 98 (3). 283-9. doi: 10.1254/jphs.fp0050056.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kusuyama T., Yoshiyama M., Omura T. et al. Angiotensin blockade inhibits osteopontin expression in non-infarcted myocardium after myocardial infarction. J Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Jul. 98 (3). 283-9. doi: 10.1254/jphs.fp0050056.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elbaz M., Grazide M.H., Bataille V. et al. Temporal trajectory and left ventricular ejection fraction association of eight circulating biomarkers in first acute myocardial infarction patients: a 12-month prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J Open. 2024 Oct 15. 4 (5). oeae090. doi: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae090.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elbaz M., Grazide M.H., Bataille V. et al. Temporal trajectory and left ventricular ejection fraction association of eight circulating biomarkers in first acute myocardial infarction patients: a 12-month prospective cohort study. Eur Heart J Open. 2024 Oct 15. 4 (5). oeae090. doi: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae090.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maniatis K., Siasos G., Oikonomou E. et al. Osteoprotegerin and Osteopontin Serum Levels are Associated with Vascular Function and Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2020. 18 (5). 523–530. doi: 10.2174/1570161117666191022095246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maniatis K., Siasos G., Oikonomou E. et al. Osteoprotegerin and Osteopontin Serum Levels are Associated with Vascular Function and Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2020. 18 (5). 523–530. doi: 10.2174/1570161117666191022095246.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuprytė M., Lesauskaitė V., Siratavičiūtė V. et al. Expression of Osteopontin and Gremlin 1 Proteins in Cardiomyocytes in Ischemic Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 28. 25 (15). 8240. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuprytė M., Lesauskaitė V., Siratavičiūtė V. et al. Expression of Osteopontin and Gremlin 1 Proteins in Cardiomyocytes in Ischemic Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 28. 25 (15). 8240. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hilgendorf I., Frantz S., Frangogiannis N.G. Repair of the Infarcted Heart: Cellular Effectors, Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Circ Res. 2024 Jun 7. 134 (12). 1718–1751. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.124.323658.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hilgendorf I., Frantz S., Frangogiannis N.G. Repair of the Infarcted Heart: Cellular Effectors, Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Circ Res. 2024 Jun 7. 134 (12). 1718-1751. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.124.323658.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kruszewska J., Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A., Czarzasta K. Remodeling and Fibrosis of the Cardiac Muscle in the Course of Obesity-Pathogenesis and Involvement of the Extracellular Matrix. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 11. 23 (8). 4195. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kruszewska J., Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A., Czarzasta K. Remodeling and Fibrosis of the Cardiac Muscle in the Course of Obesity-Pathogenesis and Involvement of the Extracellular Matrix. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 11. 23 (8). 4195. doi: 10.3390/ijms23084195.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bräuninger H., Krüger S., Bacmeister L. et al. Matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol. 2023 May 9. 118 (1). 18. doi: 10.1007/s00395-023-00987-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bräuninger H., Krüger S., Bacmeister L. et al. Matrix metalloproteinases in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol. 2023 May 9. 118 (1). 18. doi: 10.1007/s00395-023-00987-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mamazhakypov A., Sartmyrzaeva M., Sarybaev A.S., et al. Clinical and Molecular Implications of Osteopontin in Heart Failure. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Aug 11. 44 (8). 3573-3597. doi: 10.3390/cimb44080245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mamazhakypov A., Sartmyrzaeva M., Sarybaev A.S., et al. Clinical and Molecular Implications of Osteopontin in Heart Failure. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Aug 11. 44 (8). 3573–3597. doi: 10.3390/cimb44080245.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robinson J.A., Toribio M., Quinaglia T. et al. Plasma osteopontin relates to myocardial fibrosis and steatosis and to immune activation among women with HIV. AIDS. 2023 Feb 1. 37 (2). 305–310. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003417.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Robinson J.A., Toribio M., Quinaglia T. et al. Plasma osteopontin relates to myocardial fibrosis and steatosis and to immune activation among women with HIV. AIDS. 2023 Feb 1. 37 (2). 305–310. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003417.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang Z., Xia Z., Wang X., et al. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2023 Dec. 74. 86-99. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang Z., Xia Z., Wang X., et al. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2023 Dec. 74. 86–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
