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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2025_3_157</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МИГРЕНЬ: ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ, КОМОРБИДНОСТЬ, ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EPIDYMOLOGY, COMORBIDITY, AND VARIOUS RISK FACTORS OF MIGRAINE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-2047</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михаханов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhakhanov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаханов Манхар Михайлович, аспирант кафедры медицинской физики и цифровой медицины 1 года обучения</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhakhanov M.M., 1st year postgraduate student of the Department of Medical Physics and Digital Medicine</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mankharmm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7920-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоляков</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolyakov</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смоляков Юрий Николаевич, к.м.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой медицинской физики и цифровой медицины</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p><p>ResearcherID: R-5740-2017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolyakov Yu.N., Candidate of Medical Science, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Medical Physics and Digital Medicine</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smolyakov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-4293</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нольфин</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nolfin</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нольфин Николай Алексеевич, ассистент кафедры медицинской физики и цифровой медицины</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nolfin N.A., Assistant of the Department of Medical Physics and Digital Medicine</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nol.nikol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>157</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михаханов М.М., Смоляков Ю.Н., Нольфин Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михаханов М.М., Смоляков Ю.Н., Нольфин Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhakhanov M.M., Smolyakov Y.N., Nolfin N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/408">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/408</self-uri><abstract><p>Понимание типов мигрени имеет решающее значение для эффективной диагностики и лечения. Мигрень представляет собой одно из наиболее распространённых неврологических заболеваний в мире. В 2019 году глобальная распространённость мигрени составила 1,1 миллиарда случаев. Современная теория мигрени объединяет нейрональные и сосудистые, нейровоспалительные механизмы её возникновения. Изучение распространённости мигрени, её сопутствующих заболеваний и факторов риска способствует углублению знаний о патофизиологических механизмах болезни, что создаёт основу для разработки персонализированных методов профилактики и терапии приступов.Цель: систематизировать литературные источники по вопросам распространённости мигрени, сопутствующих заболеваний и факторов, провоцирующих её развитие.Материалы и методы. Использовались данные открытой научной библиотеки PubMed. Производился поиск литературы, по ключевым словам, используя данные литературного источника за 2009–2025 гг.Результаты. Проведен анализ литературных источников, используя ключевые слова при поиске литературных источников, в таких комбинациях: «возраст и пол», «пищевые привычки», «мигрень и беременность», «Гормональный дисбаланс и мигрень», «Генетические и эпигенетические факторы», «синдром хронической усталости», «расстройства пищевого поведения», «сердечно-сосудистые заболевания» «эпилепсия», «рассеянный склероз», «ось кишечник – мозг», «ревматоидный артрит», «псориаз», «стресс», «общее тревожное расстройство», «биполярное аффективное расстройство», «болезнь альцгеймера», «болезнь паркинсона», «боковой амиотрофический склероз», «синдром раздражённого кишечника», «целиакия»Выводы. Мигрень имеет множество общих патогенетических механизмов со многими заболеваниями, следует и дальше изучать связь данных состояний, для расширения возможной профилактики сочетанных состояний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Understanding the different types of migraines is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Migraines are one of the most prevalent neurological disorders in the world, with an estimated 1.1 billion cases in 2019. The modern understanding of migraines combines neuronal, vascular, and neuroinflammatory mechanisms to explain its occurrence. The study of epidemiology, concomitant diseases and risk factors allows for a deeper interpretation of the pathophysiology of migraine and the development of more individualized methods for the prevention and treatment of seizures.The aim of the research. To analyze literature on epidemiology, comorbidity, and various risk factors of migraine.Materials and methods. Data from the PubMed Open Science Library were used. A search for literature was performed using keywords from a literature source from 2009 to 2025.Results. An analysis of literary sources was conducted using keywords in the search for literary sources in such combinations as: "age and gender", "eating habits", "migraine and pregnancy", "hormonal imbalance and migraine", "genetic and epigenetic factors", "chronic fatigue syndrome", "eating disorders", "cardiovascular diseases", "epilepsy", "multiple sclerosis", "gut-brain axis", "rheumatoid arthritis", "psoriasis", "stress", "general anxiety disorder", "bipolar affective disorder", "alzheimer's disease", "parkinson's disease", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis", "irritable bowel syndrome", "celiac disease"Conclusions: migraine demonstrates overlapping pathophysiological pathways with multiple comorbid disorders, underscoring the need for expanded research to refine preventive approaches for these interconnected conditions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мигрень</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>коморбидность</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>неврологические дисфункциональные расстройства</kwd><kwd>головная боль</kwd><kwd>первичная головная боль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>migraine</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>comorbidity</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>neurological dysfunction</kwd><kwd>headache</kwd><kwd>primary headache</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreou A.P., Edvinsson L. 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