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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2026_2_188</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-395</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ АНГИОТЕНЗИНПРЕВРАЩАЮЩЕГО ФЕРМЕНТА 2 В РАЗВИТИИ ЭНДОТЕЛИАЛЬНОЙ ДИСФУНКЦИИ ПРИ COVID-19</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE ROLE OF ANGIOTENSINCONVERTING ENZYME 2 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7035-6259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьев</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasev</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Афанасьев Роман Михайлович, ассистент кафедры патологической анатомии, аспирант кафедры патологической физиологии </p><p>ResearchIDs: MVW-7506-2025, AuthorID РИНЦ: 1228472 </p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39 а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman Mikhailovich Afanasev, Assistant Professor of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Postgraduate student of the Department of Pathological Physiology</p><p>Research IDs: MVW-7506-2025, AuthorID РИНЦ: 1228472.</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">crypsidromus@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3485-5176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповалов</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalov</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаповалов Константин Геннадьевич, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой Анестезиологии, реанимации и интенсивной терапии,</p><p>ResearcherID: W-3461-2017, AuthorID РИНЦ: 636196, Scopus ID: 25423070400</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39 а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin Gennadevich Shapovalov, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Therapy</p><p>ResearcherID: W-3461-2017, AuthorID РИНЦ: 636196, Scopus ID: 25423070400. </p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shkg26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>188</fpage><lpage>198</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Афанасьев Р.М., Шаповалов К.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Афанасьев Р.М., Шаповалов К.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Afanasev R.M., Shapovalov K.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/395">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/395</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: предметно-содержательный анализ публикаций, посвящённых изучению ангиотензинпревращающего фермента 2 и его роли в развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции при COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Были проанализированы 24 отечественные и зарубежные статьи, описывающие строение и функцию ангиотензинпревращающего фермента 2, а также его роль в развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции при COVID-19, опубликованные за последние 5 лет.</p><p>Результаты и их обсуждение. Молекулы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента 2, расположенные на поверхности эндотелиоцитов, играют важную роль в развитии эндотелиальной дисфункции и связанной с ней сепсис-индуцированной коагулопатии и васкулопатии, являясь рецепторами, связывающими коронавирус SARS-CoV-2, и тем самым обеспечивают внедрение патогена в клетку. Внедрение вируса SARS-CoV-2 в эндотелиоциты и их повреждение под влиянием провоспалительных цитокинов и активированных клеток врожденного иммунитета, индуцирует продукцию «маркеров эндотелиальной дисфункции», что способствует изменению гемостаза в сторону гиперкоагуляции.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Посредством ангиотензинпревращающего фермента 2 реализуется проникновение в клетки вируса SARS-CoV-2 и запуск патофизиологического каскада, приводящего к развитию дисфункции эндотелия, иммунотромбозу, «цитокиновому шторму» и полиорганной недостаточности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim of the research</title><p>The aim of the research. To conduct a substantive analysis of publications devoted to the study of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We analyzed 24 Russian and international articles describing the structure and function of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, as well as its role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19, published over the past 5 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 molecules, located on the surface of endothelial cells, play a key role in the development of endothelial dysfunction and associated sepsis-induced coagulopathy and vasculopathy. They act as receptors that bind the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, thereby facilitating the pathogen's entry into the cell. The penetration of SARS-CoV-2 into endothelial cells and their damage under the influence of proinflammatory cytokines and activated innate immune cells induces the production of "endothelial dysfunction markers," which contributes to a shift in hemostasis toward hypercoagulability.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 mediates SARS-CoV-2 penetration into cells and triggers a pathophysiological cascade leading to endothelial dysfunction, immunothrombosis, a "cytokine storm," and multiple organ failure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ангиотензинпревращающий фермент 2</kwd><kwd>ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновая система</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальные клетки</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>angiotensin-converting enzyme 2</kwd><kwd>renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system</kwd><kwd>endothelial cells</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Writing a literary review had no financial support. 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