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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2025_3_3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-387</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СЫВОРОТОЧНЫЙ УРОВЕНЬ РАСТВОРИМЫХ МОЛЕКУЛ КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ ТОЧЕК ИММУННОГО ОТВЕТА У БОЛЬНЫХ С РАЗЛИЧНЫМИ ФОРМАМИ АУТОИММУННОГО ТИРЕОИДИТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SERUM LEVEL OF SOLUBLE MOLECULES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE CHECKPOINTS IN PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2361-688X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабинский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babinsky</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабинский Владимир Владимирович, очный аспирант кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Babinsky V.V., full-time postgraduate student of the Department of Pathological Physiology</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">babinscky.vladimir@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7146-8241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринь</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grin</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гринь Наталья Олеговна, ассистент кафедры госпитальной терапии и эндокринологии</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grin N.О., Assistant of the Department of Hospital Therapy and Endocrinology</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.natascha89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8601-3499</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терешков</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshkov</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Терешков Павел Петрович, к.м.н., заведующий лабораторией экспериментальной и клинической биохимии и иммунологии НИИ молекулярной биологии</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tereshkov P.P., Сandidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical, Biochemestry and Immunology at the Research Institute of Molecular Biology</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tpp6915@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0724-0352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фефелова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fefelova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фефелова Елена Викторовна, д.м.н., профессор, доцент кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fefelova E.V., Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathophysiology</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fefelova.elena@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-2351</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыбиков</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsybikov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыбиков Намжил Нанзатович, д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>672000, Россия, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tsybikov N.N, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Pathophysiology</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">thybikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бабинский В.В., Гринь Н.О., Терешков П.П., Фефелова Е.В., Цыбиков Н.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бабинский В.В., Гринь Н.О., Терешков П.П., Фефелова Е.В., Цыбиков Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Babinsky V.V., Grin N.O., Tereshkov P.P., Fefelova E.V., Tsybikov N.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/387">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/387</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Распространенность хронического аутоиммунного тиреоидита (АИТ) – более 5% популяции мира. Несмотря на это, тактика и методы лечения АИТ не претерпевают нововведений в отношении терапии много лет, тогда как современная тенденция к лечению других аутопатологий стремится к применению моноклональных антител. Однако было замечено, что при применении некоторых ингибиторов контрольных точек иммунного ответа для лечения онкопатологии у больных дебютировали различные аутоиммунные заболевания. Этот факт открывает перспективу к изучению новых звеньев патогенеза АИТ.Цель исследования: выявление концентрации молекул sCD25, s4-1BB, sLAG-3, sTim-3, sGalectin-9 у лиц, страдающих различными формами АИТ.Методы. Участие в исследовании принял 31 человек в возрасте от 18 до 40 лет, распределённых на четыре группы: I Здоровые (n = 10); II Носители антител к тиреопероксидазе (АТкТПО) (n = 11); III Субклиническая форма гипотиреоза АИТ (n = 6); IV АИТ с гипотиреозом, медикаментозно компенсированным (n = 4). Проводился забор венозной крови для определения уровня АТкТПО методом ИФА, концентрации тиреотропного гормона и свободного тироксина, методом иммунохемилюминесценции, уровня CD25, 4-1BB, Tim-3, LAG-3, Galectin-9 методом проточной цитофлуориметрии. Статистическая обработка проводилась с использованием однофакторного дисперсионного анализа Крускал–Уолисса.Результаты. Уровень sCD25 снизился почти на 85% (P = 0,001) с контрольных 19,2 пг/мл (2,20; 29,9) в группах: II 2,83 пг/мл (2,24; 3,17), III 3,23 пг/мл (2,69; 45,8) и IV 3,05 пг/мл (2,31; 7,37). Концентрация 4-1BB увеличилась в три раза (P = 0,001) в группах: II 35,0 пг/мл (15,5; 39,8), III 31,9 (27,8; 44,4) с контрольных 11,8 пг/мл (4,96; 14,0). sTim-3 снизился более чем на 98% (P = 0,001) с группы I 280 пг/мл (13,7; 321) при сравнении с группами: II 5,22 пг/мл (2,13; 6,34), III 4,10 пг/мл (3,36; 5,34), IV 1,26 пг/мл (0,362; 2,45). Содержание LAG-3 снизилось на 66% (P = 0,001) при сравнении группы I 51,1 пг/мл (20,1; 60,1) с II 20,1 пг/мл (2,23; 41,6). Концентрация галектина-9 во II группе 277 пг/мл (196; 378) в 5 раз ниже, чем в I 1377 пг/мл (1140; 1910) (P = 0,001).Заключение. При развитии АИТ снижается концентрация CD25, Tim-3, LAG-3, Galectin-9, а уровень 4-1BB увеличивается.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: The prevalence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is more than 5% of the world's population. Despite this, the tactics and methods of treating AIT have not undergone innovations in terms of therapy for many years, while the modern trend in the treatment of other autopathologies is to use monoclonal antibodies. However, it was noted that with the use of some immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of oncopathology, various autoimmune diseases debuted in patients. This fact opens up the prospect of studying new links in the pathogenesis of AIT.Aim: determination of the level of sCD25, s4-1BB, sTim-3, sLAG-3, sGalectin-9 molecules in individuals suffering from various forms of AIT.Material and methods: The study involved 31 subjects aged 18 to 40 years, divided into four groups: I Healthy (n = 10); II Carriers of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (ATkTPO) (n = 11); III Subclinical form of hypothyroidism AIT (n = 6); IV AIT with hypothyroidism, medically compensated (n = 4). Venous blood was collected to determine the ATkTPO level by ELISA, the concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine by immunochemiluminescence, the level of CD25, 4-1BB, Tim-3, LAG-3, Galectin-9 by flow cytofluorimetry. Statistical processing was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance. Results: The sCD25 level decreased by almost 85% (P = 0,001) from the control 19,2 pg/ml (2,20; 29,9) in groups: II 2.83 pg/ml (2,24; 3,17), III 3,23 pg/ml (2,69; 45,8), and IV 3,05 pg/ml (2,31; 7,37). The concentration of 4-1BB increased threefold (P = 0,001) in groups: II 35,0 pg/ml (15,5; 39,8), III 31,9 (27,8; 44,4) from the control 11,8 pg/ml (4,96; 14,0). sTim-3 decreased by more than 98% (P = 0,001) from group I 280 pg/ml (13,7; 321) when compared with groups: II 5,22 pg/ml (2,13; 6,34), III 4,10 pg/ml (3,36; 5,34), IV 1,26 pg/ml (0,362; 2,45). The content of LAG-3 decreased by 66% (P = 0,001) when comparing group, I 51,1 pg/ml (20,1; 60,1) with II 20,1 pg/ml (2,23; 41,6). The concentration of Galectin-9 in group II 277 pg/ml (196; 378) is 5 times lower than in I 1377 pg/ml (1140; 1910) (P = 0,001).Conclusion: With the development of AIT, the concentration of CD25, Tim-3, LAG-3, Galectin-9 decreases, and the level of 4-1BB increases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>контрольные точки иммунного ответа</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунный тиреоидит</kwd><kwd>CD25</kwd><kwd>4-1BB</kwd><kwd>Tim-3</kwd><kwd>LAG-3</kwd><kwd>Galectin-9</kwd><kwd>AИT</kwd><kwd>ТТГ</kwd><kwd>Т4св</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immune response checkpoints</kwd><kwd>autoimmune thyroiditis</kwd><kwd>CD25</kwd><kwd>4-1BB</kwd><kwd>Tim-3</kwd><kwd>LAG-3</kwd><kwd>Galectin-9</kwd><kwd>AIT</kwd><kwd>TSH</kwd><kwd>free T4</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» (672000, Российская Федерация, Забайкальский край, г. Чита, ул. 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