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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2025_2_84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-386</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диабетический кетоалкалоз: редкое, потенциально опасное состояние в практике неотложной эндокринологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diabetic ketoalkalosis: a rare potentially dangerous condition in emergency endocrinology practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Витальевич Быков, к. м. н., доцент</p><p>кафедра анестезиологии, реаниматологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>355017; ул. Мира, 310; 355002; ул. Семашко 3; Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant</p><p>Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care with a course of Additional Professional Education</p><p>355017; 310 Mira St.; 355002; 3 Semashko St.; Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yubykov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ; ГБУЗ Ставропольского края «Детская краевая клиническая больница» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; Stavropol Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быков Ю.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykov Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/386">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/386</self-uri><abstract><p>   Диабетический кетоалкалоз (ДКАЛК) – потенциально редкое, но тяжёлое осложнение сахарного диабета, требующее оказания неотложной помощи. К ведущим провоцирующим факторам ДКАЛК относят инфекционные заболевания, оперативные вмешательства и травму. В патогенезе ДКАЛК лежат процессы, связанные со снижением обьёма циркулирующей крови, на фоне неукротимой рвоты, что приводит к потере ионов водорода и повышению уровня бикарбоната в крови, что провоцирует развитие состояния алкалемии. Клинические проявления ДКАЛК схожи с симптомами диабетического кетоацидоза (ДКА) за исключением наличия неукротимой рвоты – симптом, который характерен именно для пациентов с ДКАЛК. Диагноз ДКАЛК в первую очередь подтверждается лабораторно за счёт выявления метаболического алкалоза (pH &gt; 7,3 или бикарбонат крови &gt; 18,0 ммоль/л), а также вычисления коэффициента дельты, чьё значение должно превышать 2,0. При дифференциальной диагностике данного патологического синдрома важно исключать состояния классического ДКА, эугликемического ДКА и гипергликемического гиперосмолярного состояния. Принципы интенсивной терапии при ДКАЛК схожи с лечением ДКА и включают в себя проведение инфузионной терапии изотоническими кристаллоидными растворами с целью купирования эксикоза, коррекции электролитных нарушений (в первую очередь гипокалиемии) и парентеральное назначение инсулинов короткого действия. Несмотря на возможную клиническую тяжесть, при грамотной и своевременной диагностике, ДКАЛК успешно купируется без развития серьёзных осложнений и летального исхода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Diabetic ketoalkalosis (DK) is a rare but potentially severe complication of diabetes mellitus, requiring emergency medical intervention. The main triggering factors for DK include infectious diseases, surgical procedures and trauma. The pathogenesis of DK involves processes related to reduced circulating blood volume due to persistent vomiting, leading to hydrogen ion loss and elevated blood bicarbonate levels, ultimately resulting in alkalemia. The clinical manifestations of DK resemble those of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), except for the presence of intractable vomiting, a symptom specific to DK patients. The diagnosis of DK is primarily confirmed through laboratory findings, including metabolic alkalosis (pH &gt; 7,3 or blood bicarbonate &gt; 18,0 mmol/L) and a delta ratio exceeding 2,0. Differential diagnosis should exclude classic DKA, euglycemic DKA, and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. The principles of intensive care for DK are similar to those for DKA and include: fluid resuscitation with isotonic crystalloid solutions to correct dehydration, electrolyte imbalance correction (primarily hypokalemia), intravenous short-acting insulin therapy. Despite its potential severity, DK can be successfully managed without serious complications or fatal outcomes if diagnosed and treated promptly and correctly.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>метаболический алкалоз</kwd><kwd>диабетический кетоалкалоз</kwd><kwd>интенсивная терапия</kwd><kwd>инсулинотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>metabolic alkalosis</kwd><kwd>diabetic ketoalkalosis</kwd><kwd>intensive care</kwd><kwd>insulin therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaramillo J., Joseph M., Aldubayan M. et al. 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