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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2024_4_150</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-363</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ, ИЛЛЮСТРИРОВАННЫЕ КЛИНИЧЕСКИМ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SCIENTIFIC REVIEWS ILLUSTRATED WITH CLINICAL CASE STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СЛОЖНОСТИ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ДЕМИЕЛИНИЗИРУЮЩИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DIFFICULTIES IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS OF DEMYELINATING DISEASES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8870-8771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власова Анастасия Николаевна, клинический ординатор кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vlasova A.N., clinical resident of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya_vlasova.1999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9005-3581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ма-Ван-дэ</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ma-Van-de</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ма-Ван-дэ Алексей Юрьевич, ассистент кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики</p><p>AuthorID: 1154310</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ma-Van-de A.Y., assistant of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alekseymavande@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1128-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширшов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirshov</surname><given-names>Y A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ширшов Юрий Александрович, к.м.н, профессор, заведующий кафедрой неврологии, нейрохирургии и медицинской генетики</p><p>AuthorID: 520449</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shirshov Y.A., candidate of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics</p><p>AuthorID: 520449</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirshov51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гужов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guzhov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гужов Дмитрий Николаевич, врач-невролог отделения неврологии первой квалификационной категории</p><p>672039, г. Чита, ул. Ленина 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Guzhov D.N., neurologist of the department of neurology, qualification category I.</p><p>8 Lenina St., Chita, Russia, 672039</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6539-802X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ма-Ван-дэ</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ma-Van-de</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ма-Ван-дэ  Василина  Денисовна,  ассистент  кафедры  факультетской  терапии</p><p>Author ID: 1136806</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ma-Van-de V.D., assistant of the Department of Faculty Therapy</p><p>39a Gorky St., Chita, Russia, 672000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasilina-10@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская клиническая больница № 1»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital № 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>160</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власова А.Н., Ма-Ван-дэ А.Ю., Ширшов Ю.А., Гужов Д.Н., Ма-Ван-дэ В.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власова А.Н., Ма-Ван-дэ А.Ю., Ширшов Ю.А., Гужов Д.Н., Ма-Ван-дэ В.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasova A.N., Ma-Van-de A.Y., Shirshov y.A., Guzhov D.N., Ma-Van-de V.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/363">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/363</self-uri><abstract><p>Демиелинизирующие заболевания ЦНС – группа аутоиммунно-воспалительных заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), характеризующихся образованием множественных очагов демиелинизациивбеломвеществеголовногоиспинногомозга. Клиникаполиморфна, включаетразличные изолированные и комбинированные неврологические синдромы. Общность патогенетических реакций, которые лежат в основе данной нозологической группы, определяет их схожую клиническую картину, что может приводить к диагностическим трудностям.</p><p>В настоящей статье представлен разбор клинического случая демиелинизирующего заболевания у пациентки 18 лет. Особенностью являлось то, что заболевание возникло в молодом возрасте, сопровождалось тяжёлой быстропрогрессирующей неврологической симптоматикой за счёт многоочагового вовлечения в патологический процесс белого вещества головного и спинного мозга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are a group of autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by the formation of multiple foci of demyelination in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. The clinic is quite polymorphic and may include various isolated and combined neurological syndromes. The commonality of pathogenetic reactions that underlie this nosological group determines their rather similar clinical picture, which can lead to difficulties in diagnosis. This article presents an analysis of a clinical case of demyelinating disease in a young 18-year-old patient. The peculiarity was that the disease arose at a fairly early age, was accompanied by severe rapidly progressive neurological symptoms due to the simultaneous involvement of the white matter of the brain and spinal cord in the pathological process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>демиелинизация</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>миелит</kwd><kwd>клинически изолированный синдром</kwd><kwd>острый рассеянный энцефаломиелит</kwd><kwd>заболевания спектра нейрооптикомиелита (ЗСОНМ)</kwd><kwd>продольно распространенный поперечный миелит (ПРМП)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>demyelination</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>myelitis</kwd><kwd>clinically isolated syndrome</kwd><kwd>acute disseminated encephalomyelitis</kwd><kwd>Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD)</kwd><kwd>Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis (LETM)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова Л.И., Кодинцев А.Н., Ошурков П.А. 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