<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zabmedvestnik</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Забайкальский медицинский вестник</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1998-6173</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52485/19986173_2024_3_60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zabmedvestnik-298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНТЕРЛЕЙКИНА-2 И ИНТЕРФЕРОНА-α НА ЛИМФОЦИТАРНУЮ АГРЕГАЦИЮ И ЛИМФОЦИТАРНО-ТРОМБОЦИТАРНОЕ КЛАСТЕРООБРАЗОВАНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INFLUENCE OF INTERLEUKIN-2 AND INTERFERON-α ON LYMPHOCYTE AGGREGATION  AND LYMPHOCYTE-PLATELET CLUSTER FORMATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9555-5377</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарчук</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarchuk</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарчук Наталия Алексеевна, ассистент кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>assistant of the department of ophthalmology</p><p>39a Gorky Street, Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serebryakova_natalia.al@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хворова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khvorova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хворова Анастасия Дмитриевна, врач-рентгенолог</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>radiologis</p><p>39a Gorky Street, Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anastasiya.khvorova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лончакова</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lonchakova</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лончакова Анастасия Фёдоровна, врач-эндокринолог</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>endocrinologist</p><p>39a Gorky Street, Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya_mirolubova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-0301</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солпов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solpov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солпов Алексей Владимирович, д.м.н., профессор кафедры нормальной физиологии</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Ph.D. Med, professor of the department of normal physiology</p><p>39a Gorky Street, Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexeysolpov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6223-8888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таскина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taskina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таскина Елизавета Сергеевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры офтальмологии</p><p>672000, г. Чита, ул. Горького, 39а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor of the department of ophthalmology</p><p>39a Gorky Street, Chita, 672000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taskins@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макарчук Н.А., Хворова А.Д., Лончакова А.Ф., Солпов А.В., Таскина Е.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарчук Н.А., Хворова А.Д., Лончакова А.Ф., Солпов А.В., Таскина Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarchuk N.A., Khvorova A.D., Lonchakova A.F., Solpov A.V., Taskina E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/298">https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/298</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить прямую и опосредованную тромбоцитами межклеточную адгезию лимфоцитов, выделенных из крови, а также изучить влияние на нее интерлейкина-2 и интерферона-α. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Цельную кровь 34-х практически здоровых лиц забирали с помощью вакуумных пробирок с цитратом Na. Лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарную взвесь выделяли на градиенте фиколлурографин. С помощью световой микроскопии определяли процент лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарных агрегатов. Влияние цитокинов изучали добавлением человеческих рекомбинантных интерлейкина-2 и интерферона-α в цельную кровь, которую затем инкубировали в термостате при 37 °С в течение 4 часов. После инкубации подсчитывали искомые показатели по вышеописанной методике. Статистическую обработку полученных данных проводили с помощью U-критерия Манна–Уитни и критерия Колмогорова (Statistica 10), достоверными отличия считали при p &lt; 0,05. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обнаружено, что в общем пуле лимфоцитов помимо лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарных агрегатов (11 ± 3,6%) присутствуют межклеточные агрегаты лимфоцитов (3 ± 3,8 на 100 клеток) и лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарные кластеры (2 ± 0,6 на 100 клеток). Выявлено, что внесение интерлейкина-2 (IL-2) увеличивало число лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарных агрегатов (ЛТА) в 1,8 раза (p &lt; 0,001), а лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарных кластеров – в 3,3 раза (p &lt; 0,001) по сравнению с контролем. Напротив, инкубация образцов крови с интерфероном-α (INF-α) снижала количество ЛТА (в 5,5 раз versus контроль, p &lt; 0,001) и практически устраняла способность лимфоцитов и тромбоцитов образовывать кластеры. Наличие исследуемых цитокинов в инкубируемой крови никак не повлияло на способность лимфоцитов образовывать лимфоцитарно-лимфоцитарные агрегаты. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявлено, что IL-2 усиливает способность лимфоцитов и тромбоцитов образовывать кластеры, а INF-α практически ее устраняет и при этом оказывает снижающее действие на число ЛТА. По нашему мнению, интересен тот факт, что эффект этих цитокинов проявился лишь в том случае, когда лимфоциты находились в контакте с тромбоцитами. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the research was to study the direct and platelet-mediated intercellular adhesion of blood-derived lymphocytes, as well as the influence of interleukin-2 and interferon-α on it.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Whole blood samples from 34 apparently healthy individuals were collected using vacuum tubes containing sodium citrate (3,8%). A suspension of lymphocytes and platelets was isolated on a Ficoll-Urografin gradient. Light microscopy was used to determine the percentage of lymphocyte-platelet aggregates. The effect of cytokines was studied by adding human recombinant interleukin-2 and interferon-α to whole blood, and incubating for 4 hours in a thermostat at 37 °C. After incubation the necessary parameters were counted using the method described above. The results were expressed as mean values and standard deviations (± SD). Statistical processing of the data was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kolmogorov criterion (Statistica 10), with differences considered significant at p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study showed that in addition to lymphocyte-platelet aggregates (11 ± 3.6%), the total pool of lymphocytes also contained intercellular aggregates of lymphocytes (3 ± 3,8 per 100 cells) and lymphocyteplatelet clusters (2 ± 0,6 per 100 cells). It was found that the addition of interleukin-2 (IL-2) led to an increase in lymphocyte-platelet aggregates (LPA) and lymphocyte-platelet clusters by 1,8 times (p &lt; 0,001) and 3,3 times (p &lt; 0,001), respectively, compared to the control group. In contrast, incubation of blood samples with interferon-α (IFN-α) led to a decrease in the number of LPA (by 5.5 times compared to the control, p &lt; 0,001) and almost prevented the ability of lymphocytes and platelets to form clusters. The presence of the abovementioned cytokines in the incubated blood did not affect the ability of lymphocytes to form aggregates with each other.</p></sec><sec><title>Сonclusion</title><p>Сonclusion. It was found that IL-2 increases the ability of lymphocytes and platelets to form clusters, while IFN-α significantly reduces this ability and has an inhibitory effect on the ability of these cells to form LPA. In our opinion, it is important that the effects of these cytokines were manifested only upon contact of lymphocytes with platelets. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лимфоцитарный агрегат</kwd><kwd>лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарный агрегат</kwd><kwd>лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарный кластер</kwd><kwd>интерлейкин-2</kwd><kwd>интерферон-α</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lymphocyte-lymphocyte aggregate</kwd><kwd>lymphocyte-platelet aggregate</kwd><kwd>lymphocyte-platelet cluster</kwd><kwd>interleukin-2</kwd><kwd>interferon-α</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rayes J., Bourne J.H., Brill A., Watson S.P. The dual role of platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thrombo-inflammation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2019. Oct 17. 4 (1). 23–35. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rayes J., Bourne J.H., Brill A., Watson S.P. The dual role of platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thrombo-inflammation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2019. Oct 17. 4 (1). 23–35. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh A., Coulter A.R., Trainor P.J., et al. Flow cytometric evaluation of platelet-leukocyte conjugate stability over time: methodological implications of sample handling and processing. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021 Jan. 51 (1). 120–128. doi: 10.1007/s11239-020-02186-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh A., Coulter A.R., Trainor P.J., et al. Flow cytometric evaluation of platelet-leukocyte conjugate stability over time: methodological implications of sample handling and processing. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021 Jan. 51 (1). 120–128. doi: 10.1007/s11239-020-02186-5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витковский Ю.А., Кузник Б.И., Солпов А.В. Влияние цитокинов на лимфоцитарно-тромбоцитарную. Медицинская иммунология. 2002. 4 (2). 135–136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vitkovsky Yu.A., Kuznik B.I., Solpov A.V. Influence of cytokines on lymphocytic-platelet. Medical immunology. 2002. 4 (2). 135–136. in Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витковский Ю.А., Кузник Б.И., Солпов А.В. Феномен лимфоцитарно–тромбоцитарного розеткообразования. Иммунология. 1999. 4. 35–37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vitkovsky, Yu.A., Kuznik B.I., Solpov A.V. Phenomenon of lymphocytic-platelet rosette formation. Immunology. 1999. №. 4. 35–37. in Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Витковский Ю.А. Влияние интерлейкинов 1β, 2, 10 и 16 на взаимодействие лимфоцитарнотромбоцитарных агрегатов с экстрацеллюлярным матриксом. Иммунология. 2006. 141–143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vitkovsky Yu.A. Influence of interleukins 1β, 2, 10 and 16 on the interaction of lymphocyte-platelet aggregates with the extracellular matrix. Immunology. 2006. 141–143. in Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Солпов А.В. Влияние цитокинов на лимфоцитарно–тромбоцитарную адгезию. Тромбоз, гемостаз, реология. 2002. 1. 34–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solpov A.V. Influence of cytokines on lymphocytic-platelet adhesion. Thrombosis, hemostasis, rheology. 2002. 1. 34–36. in Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Солпов А.В. Тромбоцитарно-лейкоцитарная адгезия в норме и патологии [диссертация … док. мед. наук]. Чита: ФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации. 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solpov A.V. Platelet-leukocyte adhesion in normal and pathological conditions [dissertation]. Chita. State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 2015. in Russian.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shenkman B., Brill G., Solpov A. et al. CD4+ lymphocytes require platelet for adhesion to immobilized fibronectin in flow: Role of β1 (CD29) – β2 (CD18) related integrins and non– integrin receptors. Cellular Immunology. 2006. 242 (1). 52–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shenkman B., Brill G., Solpov A. et al. CD4+ lymphocytes require platelet for adhesion to immobilized fibronectin in flow: Role of β1 (CD29) – β2 (CD18) related integrins and non– integrin receptors. Cellular Immunology. 2006. 242 (1). 52–59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Solpov A., Shenkman B., Vitkovsky Y. et al. Platelets enhance CD4+ lymphocyte adhesion to extracellular matrix under flow conditions: Role of platelet aggregation, integrins, and non– integrin receptors. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2006. 95. 815–821.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solpov A., Shenkman B., Vitkovsky Y. et al. Platelets enhance CD4+ lymphocyte adhesion to extracellular matrix under flow conditions: Role of platelet aggregation, integrins, and non– integrin receptors. Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2006. 95. 815–821.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">G Pol J., Caudana P., Paillet J., Piaggio E., Kroemer G. Effects of interleukin-2 in immunostimulation and immunosuppression. J Exp Med. 2020 Jan 6. 217 (1). e20191247. doi: 10.1084/jem.20191247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">G Pol J., Caudana P., Paillet J., Piaggio E., Kroemer G. Effects of interleukin-2 in immunostimulation and immunosuppression. J Exp Med. 2020 Jan 6. 217 (1). e20191247. doi: 10.1084/jem.20191247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sowa M., Sun H., Wang T., et al. Inhibiting the P2Y12 Receptor in Megakaryocytes and Platelets Suppresses Interferon-Associated Responses. J Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science. 2024 Sep. 9(9). 1126–1140. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.05.014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sowa M., Sun H., Wang T., et al. Inhibiting the P2Y12 Receptor in Megakaryocytes and Platelets Suppresses Interferon-Associated Responses. J Am Coll Cardiol Basic Trans Science. 2024 Sep. 9(9). 1126–1140. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.05.014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong Y., Bai M., Qi X., et al. Suppression of the IFN-α and -β Induction through Sequestering IRF7 into Viral Inclusion Bodies by Nonstructural Protein NSs in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Infection. J Immunol. 2019 Feb 1. 202 (3). 841–856. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800576.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong Y., Bai M., Qi X., et al. Suppression of the IFN-α and -β Induction through Sequestering IRF7 into Viral Inclusion Bodies by Nonstructural Protein NSs in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Infection. J Immunol. 2019 Feb 1. 202 (3). 841–856. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800576.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Date I., Koya T., Sakamoto T., et al. Interferon-α-Induced Dendritic Cells Generated with Human Platelet Lysate Exhibit Elevated Antigen Presenting Ability to Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes. Vaccines. 2021. 9 (1). 10. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Date I., Koya T., Sakamoto T., et al. Interferon-α-Induced Dendritic Cells Generated with Human Platelet Lysate Exhibit Elevated Antigen Presenting Ability to Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes. Vaccines. 2021. 9 (1). 10. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Peshkova A.D., Saliakhutdinova S.M., Sounbuli K., et al. The differential formation and composition of leukocyte-platelet aggregates induced by various cellular stimulants. Thrombosis Research. 2024 Sep. 241. 109092. doi: 610.1016/j.thromres.2024.109092.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Peshkova A.D., Saliakhutdinova S.M., Sounbuli K., et al. The differential formation and composition of leukocyte-platelet aggregates induced by various cellular stimulants. Thrombosis Research. 2024 Sep. 241. 109092. doi: 610.1016/j.thromres.2024.109092.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haydinger C.D., Ashander L.M., Tan A.Ch.R., Smith J.R. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1: More than a Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule. Biology 2023. 12 (5). 743. doi: 10.3390/biology12050743.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haydinger C.D., Ashander L.M., Tan A.Ch.R., Smith J.R. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1: More than a Leukocyte Adhesion Molecule. Biology 2023. 12 (5). 743. doi: 10.3390/biology12050743.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivetic A., Hoskins Green H.L., Hart S.J. L-selectin: A Major Regulator of Leukocyte Adhesion, Migration and Signaling. Front. Immunol. 2019. 10. 1068. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01068</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivetic A., Hoskins Green H.L., Hart S.J. L-selectin: A Major Regulator of Leukocyte Adhesion, Migration and Signaling. Front. Immunol. 2019. 10. 1068. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01068</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salem D.A., Stetler-Stevenson M. Clinical Flow-Cytometric Testing in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Methods Mol Biol. 2019. 2032. 311-321. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9650-6_17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salem D.A., Stetler-Stevenson M. Clinical Flow-Cytometric Testing in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Methods Mol Biol. 2019. 2032. 311-321. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9650-6_17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rayes J., Bourne J.H., Brill A., et al. The dual role of platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thromboinflammation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2019 Oct 17. 4 (1). 23–35. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rayes J., Bourne J.H., Brill A., et al. The dual role of platelet-innate immune cell interactions in thromboinflammation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2019 Oct 17. 4 (1). 23-35. doi: 10.1002/rth2.12266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mereweather L.J., Constantinescu-Bercu A., Crawley J.T.B., et al. Platelet-Neutrophil Crosstalk in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 9. 24 (2). 1266. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mereweather L.J., Constantinescu-Bercu A., Crawley J.T.B., et al. Platelet-Neutrophil Crosstalk in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 9. 24 (2). 1266. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rolling C.C., Barrett T.J., Berger J.S. Platelet-monocyte aggregates: molecular mediators of thromboinflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 May 15. 10. 960398. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.960398.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rolling C.C., Barrett T.J., Berger J.S. Platelet-monocyte aggregates: molecular mediators of thromboinflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 May 15. 10. 960398. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.960398.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang M., Wang L., Zhang Q., et al. Interleukins in Platelet Biology: Unraveling the Complex Regulatory Network. Pharmaceuticals. 2024. 17 (1). 109. doi: 10.3390/ph17010109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang M., Wang L., Zhang Q., et al. Interleukins in Platelet Biology: Unraveling the Complex Regulatory Network. Pharmaceuticals. 2024. 17 (1). 109. doi: 10.3390/ph17010109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rolfes V., Ribeiro L.S., Hawwari I., et al. Platelets Fuel the Inflammasome Activation of Innate Immune Cells. Cell Rep. 2020 May 12. 31 (6). 107615. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107615.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rolfes V., Ribeiro L.S., Hawwari I., et al. Platelets Fuel the Inflammasome Activation of Innate Immune Cells. Cell Rep. 2020 May 12. 31 (6). 107615. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107615.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lentsch A.B., Edwards M.J., Miller F.N. Interleukin-2 induces increased platelet-endothelium interactions: a potential mechanism of toxicity. J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Jul. 128 (1). 75–82. doi: 10.1016/s00222143(96)90115-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lentsch A.B., Edwards M.J., Miller F.N. Interleukin-2 induces increased platelet-endothelium interactions: a potential mechanism of toxicity. J Lab Clin Med. 1996 Jul. 128 (1). 75–82. doi: 10.1016/s00222143(96)90115-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamane A., Nakamura T., Suzuki H., et al. Interferon-α2b–induced thrombocytopenia is caused by inhibition of platelet production but not proliferation and endomitosis in human megakaryocytes. Blood. 2008. 112 (3): 542-550. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-12-125906.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamane A., Nakamura T., Suzuki H., et al. Interferon-α2b–induced thrombocytopenia is caused by inhibition of platelet production but not proliferation and endomitosis in human megakaryocytes. Blood. 2008. 112 (3): 542–550. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-12-125906.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li L., Han D-K., Lu J. Interferon-α induced severe thrombocytopenia: A case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar 21. 16 (11). 1414–1417. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li L., Han D-K., Lu J. Interferon-α induced severe thrombocytopenia: A case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar 21. 16 (11). 1414–1417. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
