zabmedvestnikЗабайкальский медицинский вестникTransbaikalian Medical Bulletin1998-6173Читинская государственная медицинская академия10.52485/19986173_2025_1_107zabmedvestnik-289Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSРоль тромбина в развитии воспаленияThe role of thrombin in the development of inflammationБелоусовД. С.BelousovD. S.

Белоусов Даниил Сергеевич - аспирант кафедры нормальной физиологии имени профессора Б.И. Кузника.

672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а

Author ID РИНЦ 1261731

Daniil S. Belousov - postgraduate student of the Department of Normal Physiology named after Professor B.I. Kuznik.

39a Gorky st., Chita, 672000

Author ID РИНЦ 1261731

beldiserg@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3509-0301СолповА. В.SolpovA. V.

Солпов Алексей Владимирович - д.м.н., доцент, профессор кафедры нормальной физиологии имени профессора Б.И. Кузника, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии и патологии гемостаза научно-исследовательского института молекулярной медицины.

672000, Чита, ул. Горького, 39а

Researcher ID JVZ-8040-2024, Author ID РИНЦ 440891, Author ID Scopus 13406034300

Alexey V. Solpov - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Normal Physiology named after Professor B.I. Kuznik, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Physiology and Pathology of Hemostasis at the Research Institute of Molecular Medicine.

39a Gorky st., Chita, 672000

Researcher ID JVZ-8040-2024, Author ID РИНЦ 440891, Author ID Scopus 13406034300

alexeysolpov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9244-1038ВитковскийЮ. А.VitkovskyYu. A.

Витковский Юрий Антонович - д.м.н., профессор, врач-аллерголог-иммунолог.

672039, Чита, ул. Бабушкина, дом 97, пом. 1

Researcher ID AAH-4250-2019, Author ID РИНЦ 288798, Author ID Scopus 6603125558

Yuri A. Vitkovsky - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, allergologist-immunologist.

97/1 Babushkina St., Chita, 672039

Researcher ID AAH-4250-2019, Author ID РИНЦ 288798, Author ID Scopus 6603125558

yuvitkovsky@rambler.ruФГБОУ ВО «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияChita State Medical AcademyRussian FederationМногопрофильный медицинский центр «Медлюкс»РоссияMEDLUX multidisciplinary medical centerRussian Federation20250805202501107120Copyright © Белоусов Д.С., Солпов А.В., Витковский Ю.А., 20252025Белоусов Д.С., Солпов А.В., Витковский Ю.А.Belousov D.S., Solpov A.V., Vitkovsky Y.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/289

 

Тромбин – основной драйвер линкерного механизма для иммунного ответа и гемостаза. Посредством специфического строения, обуславливающего селективность функциональной активности в отношении клеток воспалительного микроокружения, эта сериновая протеиназа активно участвует в процессах воспаления и заживления, канцерогенеза и патологических процессов иммунитета. Уникальность её действия раскрывается благодаря наличию специальных рецепторов, активируемых протеиназами (PARs). Экспрессия их на разных типах клеток, пространственно-временное количество тромбина, локализация патологического процесса в организме, патология в системе гемостаза и иммунитета – все эти факторы будут определять варианты событий, опосредованных представленной сериновой протеиназой.

В обзорной статье представлены актуальные сведения по некоторым механизмам взаимодействия основных эффекторных клеток воспаления и тромбина с участием PARs. Рассмотрена молекулярная структура последних, зависимость их функциональной активности от конформационных состояний. Освещена роль тромбина как одного из основных регуляторов процесса иммуновоспаления.

 

Thrombin is the main driver of the linker mechanism for immune response and hemostasis. Due to its specific structure, which determines the selectivity of functional activity against cells of the inflammatory microenvironment, this serine proteinase is actively involved in the processes of inflammation and healing, carcinogenesis and pathological processes of immunity. The uniqueness of its action is revealed due to the presence of special receptors activated by proteinases (PARs). Such factors as their expression on different cell types, the spatiotemporal amount of thrombin, the localization of the pathological process in the body, pathology in the hemostasis and immunity system will determine the variants of events mediated by the presented serine proteinase.

The review presents current information on some mechanisms of interaction between the main effector cells of inflammation and thrombin with the participation of PARs. The molecular structure of the latter and the dependence of their functional activity on conformational states are considered. The role of thrombin as one of the main regulators of the immunoinflammation process is highlighted.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.