zabmedvestnikЗабайкальский медицинский вестникTransbaikalian Medical Bulletin1998-6173Читинская государственная медицинская академия10.52485/19986173_2023_4_56zabmedvestnik-216Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSАнтиоксиданты в профилактике нарушений нервной системы при сахарном диабетеAntioxidants in the prevention of nervous system disorders in diabetes mellitusБыковЮ. В.Bykov Yu.V.Yu. V.

355017, г. Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310

355002, г. Ставрополь, ул. Пономарева, 5

310 Mira str., Stavropol, 355017

5 Ponomareva str., Stavropol, 355002

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Ставропольского края «Городская детская клиническая больница им. Г.К. Филиппского»РоссияStavropol State Medical University; City Children's Clinical Hospital named after G.K. FilippskyRussian Federation202330072024045666Copyright © Быков Ю.В., 20242024Быков Ю.В.Bykov Yu.V. Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/216

Сахарный диабет (СД) одно из распространенных метаболических заболеваний с большим количеством осложнений. Нарушения нервной системы (НС) рассматривается как ведущее осложнение СД, точная патофизиология которого до конца не выяснена. К дисфункции НС на фоне СД в первую очередь относят диабетическую энцефалопатию (ДЭ) и периферическую полинейропатию (ПП). Оксидативный стресс (ОС) считается одной из ведущих гипотез, приводящих к нарушениям НС при СД. Помимо этого, ОС обсуждается как одно из патофизиологических звеньев в развитии СД 1 и 2 типов. ОС оказывает негативное воздействие на головной мозг при СД, вызывая митохондриальную дисфункцию, нейровоспаление с параллельным снижением антиоксидантной системы. Обсуждается важная роль ОС при возникновении ПП. Антиоксиданты (АО) имеют прямые показания для коррекции нарушений НС при СД. В доклинических исследованиях показана профилактическая роль различных АО при ДЭ и ПП. Необходимы дальнейшие клинические исследования для обоснования назначения АО в профилактике нарушений НС при СД.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases with a large number of complications. Disorders of the nervous system (NS) are the main complication of DM, the pathophysiology of which is not fully understood. The dysfunction of the central nervous system against the background of DM primarily includes diabetic encephalopathy (DE) and peripheral polyneuropathy (PP). Oxidative stress (OS) is considered one of the leading hypotheses leading to NS disorders in DM. In addition, OS is discussed as one of the pathophysiological links in the development of type 1 and type 2 DM. OS causes mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, with a parallel decrease of the antioxidant system, having a negative effect on the brain. The important role of the OS in the occurrence of PP is discussed. Antioxidants (AO) have direct indications for the correction of central nervous system disorders in DM. Preclinical studies have shown the preventive role of various AO in DE and PP. Further clinical studies are needed to substantiate the appointment of AO in the prevention of NS disorders in DM.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.