zabmedvestnikЗабайкальский медицинский вестникTransbaikalian Medical Bulletin1998-6173Читинская государственная медицинская академия10.52485/19986173_2023_1_113zabmedvestnik-131Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫSCIENTIFIC REVIEWSРоль факторов иммунной системы в патогенезе новой коронавирусной инфекции у детейThe role of immune system factors in the pathogenesis of a new coronavirus infection in childrenБогомоловаИ. К.BogomolovaI. K.

672000; ул. Горького, 39а; Чита

672000; 39 А Gorky str.; Chita

БабкинА. А.BabkinA. A.

672000; ул. Горького, 39а; Чита

672000; 39 А Gorky str.; Chita

ПерегоедоваВ. Н.PeregoedovaV. N.

672000; ул. Горького, 39а; Чита

672000; 39 А Gorky str.; Chita

ЩербакВ. А.ShcherbakV. A.

672000; ул. Горького, 39а; Чита

672000; 39 А Gorky str.; Chita

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Читинская государственная медицинская академия» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияChita State Medical AcademyRussian Federation20230408202401113121Copyright © Богомолова И.К., Бабкин А.А., Перегоедова В.Н., Щербак В.А., 20242024Богомолова И.К., Бабкин А.А., Перегоедова В.Н., Щербак В.А.Bogomolova I.K., Babkin A.A., Peregoedova V.N., Shcherbak V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zabmedvestnik.ru/jour/article/view/131

   В работе представлены ключевые биомаркёры воспаления при новой коронавирусной инфекции у детей. Основные механизмы развития коронавирусной инфекции тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома-2 до конца не изучены, что представляет большой интерес как для терапевтической, так и педиатрической службы. Несмотря на мощную эвазию SARS-CoV-2 от рецепторов врожденного иммунитета и нарушение интерфероногенеза и ИФН-сигналинга, механизм продукции провоспалительных цитокинов и хемокинов в организме не нарушается и функционирует нормально. При этом в условиях снижения противовирусного защитного звена врожденного иммунитета увеличивается вирусная нагрузка, нарастает число индукторов провоспалительного ответа, который закономерно становится гипервоспалительным. Показана роль ряда некоторых провоспалительных (IL-1b, IL-2,TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-6, IFN-γ) и противовоспалительных (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-8) цитокинов, хемокинов (MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, Eotaxin, TARC, MIP-3α, GRO-α, ENA-78, MIG, IP-10, I-TAC) в сыворотке крови, трансформирующего фактора роста TGF-β1. Тяжесть и исходы COVID-19 тесно связаны с иммунными реакциями организма, часто неуправляемыми и неконтролируемыми, что подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость дальнейшего изучения и понимания всего спектра иммунных нарушений, вызванных вирусом SARS-CoV-2.

   The paper presents key biomarkers of inflammation in new coronavirus infection in children. The main mechanisms of development of coronavirus infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 have not been fully studied, which is of great interest for both therapeutic and pediatric services. Despite the powerful evasion of SARS-CoV-2 from the receptors of innate immunity and the violation of interferogenesis and IFN signaling, the mechanism of production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the body is not disturbed and functions normally. At the same time, in conditions of a decrease in the antiviral protective link of innate immunity, the viral load increases, the number of inducers of the pro-inflammatory response increases, which naturally becomes hyperinflammatory. The role of a number of some pro-inflammatory (IL-1b, IL-2,TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-6, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-8) cytokines, chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, Eotaxin, TARC, MIP-3α, GRO-α, ENA-78, MIG, IP-10, I-TAC) in blood serum, transforming growth factor TGF-β1. The severity and outcomes of COVID-19 are closely related to the body's immune responses, often uncontrollable and uncontrolled, which underscores the urgent need for further study and understanding of the full range of immune disorders caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.